Nasal high flow (NHF) is a mode of noninvasive respiratory support that delivers high flows of blended air and oxygen through a nasal interface.
There are several mechanisms of action and benefits associated with NHF therapy for neonates, infants, and children.

Reduces anatomical dead space 
Wash-out of the anatomical dead space in the nasopharyngeal cavity is a principal mechanism of action of NHF.

Dynamic positive airway pressure
The delivery of dynamic positive airway pressure associated with NHF has been shown to reduce inspiratory effort and work of breathing compared to standard oxygen therapy.

Improves patient comfort
NHF is gentle on the nose, which improves patient comfort, compliance, and tolerance to therapy.